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Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that uses safe, painless and cost-effective techniques
both to image the body and treat disease. Nuclear medicine imaging is unique in that it documents organ function and
structure, in contrast to diagnostic radiology, which is based upon anatomy. It is a way to gather medical information that
may otherwise be unavailable, require surgery, or necessitate more expensive diagnostic tests.
As an integral part of patient care, nuclear medicine is used in the diagnosis, management, treatment and prevention of serious
disease. Nuclear medicine imaging procedures often identify abnormalities very early in the progression of a disease—long
before some medical problems are apparent with other diagnostic tests. This early detection allows a disease to be treated
early in its course when there may be a more successful prognosis.
Nuclear medicine
uses very small amounts of radioactive materials or radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose and treat disease. Radiopharmaceuticals
are substances that are attracted to specific organs, bones or tissues. The radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine
emit gamma rays that can be detected externally by special types of cameras: gamma or PET cameras These cameras work
in conjunction with computers used to form images that provide data and information about the area of the body being imaged. The
amount of radiation from a nuclear medicine procedure is comparable to that received during a diagnostic x-ray.
Today, nuclear medicine offers procedures that are helpful to a broad span of medical specialties,
from pediatrics to cardiology to psychiatry. There are nearly one hundred different nuclear medicine imaging procedures available
and not a major organ system which is not imaged by nuclear medicine.
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